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Services / 11 — ESG & sustainability

Sustainability reporting is becoming a financial reporting problem, not a marketing one.

ESG reporting and disclosure, sustainability assurance, carbon and emissions reporting support, and ESG readiness assessments — for businesses facing new reporting expectations from lenders, investors and international buyers.

ESG reporting is moving from voluntary to expected, and in some markets to mandatory, faster than most finance functions have been resourced for. We treat it the way we treat financial reporting: numbers that need a defensible basis, a control environment, and — increasingly — independent assurance.

A lender or buyer has asked for ESG disclosures you don't have?

This usually arrives as a deadline, not a project brief. Tell us what's being asked for and we'll tell you what's realistic to produce, and by when.

Ask what's realistic
IWhen clients call

The situations that bring people here

A lender or investor has asked for ESG data we don't currently collect.

A gap assessment establishes what exists, what's missing, and what can realistically be produced first.

An international buyer wants supply-chain sustainability disclosures.

Reporting built to the framework the buyer actually expects, not a generic sustainability statement.

We want external assurance over our sustainability report before publishing it.

Independent assurance that gives the report credibility with the audience actually reading it.

IFRS S1 and S2 are becoming relevant to us and we don't know what changes.

A practical explanation of what the standards require and what preparing for them actually involves.

We're not sure which reporting framework applies to us.

GRI, SASB and the IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards, matched to who's actually asking and why.

Our sustainability report reads well but nobody has checked the numbers.

The same rigour applied to financial numbers, applied to the ESG data underneath the narrative.

We need to measure and report our carbon footprint for the first time.

Emissions measurement built on a defensible methodology, not an estimate that won't survive scrutiny.

Our board wants ESG risk on its regular agenda, not a once-a-year slide.

A governance structure and reporting cadence built to support that, not a one-off document.

IIWhat we do

Scope of the ESG and sustainability practice

Sustainability reporting treated with the same discipline as financial reporting — a defensible basis, traceable data, and assurance where it's needed.

01

ESG reporting and disclosure

Reports built with the same rigour as financial statements, because they are increasingly read the same way.

  • Sustainability report preparation
  • Framework selection and mapping — GRI, SASB, IFRS S1/S2
  • Materiality assessment
  • Stakeholder disclosure alignment
  • Narrative and data integration
02

Sustainability assurance

Independent assurance that gives ESG disclosures the same credibility as audited numbers.

  • Limited assurance engagements over sustainability reports
  • Assurance readiness assessment
  • Data and control testing over reported metrics
  • Assurance reporting aligned to recognised standards
03

Carbon and emissions reporting

Measurement built on a defensible methodology from the start.

  • Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions measurement
  • Emissions inventory methodology design
  • Data collection process design
  • Emissions reporting for disclosure and assurance
04

ESG readiness assessment

Establishing what exists before committing to a reporting timeline.

  • Gap assessment against target frameworks
  • Data availability and quality review
  • Roadmap and reporting-timeline development
  • Governance and ownership structure review
05

Framework alignment and compliance

Matching the right framework to who is actually asking.

  • IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards (S1/S2) alignment
  • GRI and SASB framework mapping
  • Lender and investor-specific disclosure requirements
  • Supply-chain and buyer-driven disclosure requirements
06

ESG governance advisory

Structural input into how ESG gets owned and reviewed internally.

  • Board and committee ESG oversight structure
  • Policy and target-setting support
  • ESG risk register development
  • Reporting cadence and internal review process
07

ESG data systems and controls

Where the numbers come from, and whether that process would survive assurance.

  • ESG data collection process design
  • Control design over non-financial data
  • Systems and tooling assessment
  • Data reconciliation to underlying records
08

Stakeholder and disclosure support

Getting the report to the audience it's actually written for.

  • Investor and lender disclosure packs
  • Supply-chain questionnaire response support
  • Benchmark and peer disclosure review
  • Disclosure review ahead of publication
IIIReporting frameworks

Reporting frameworks, and who's usually asking for them

Which framework applies depends on who is asking and why — a lender, an investor and a buyer often want different things from the same underlying data.

FrameworkWho's typically asking
GRI (Global Reporting Initiative)General stakeholder reporting — often the default starting point for a first sustainability report.
SASB (Sustainability Accounting Standards Board)Investors, focused on industry-specific financial materiality rather than broad stakeholder reporting.
IFRS S1 & S2 (Sustainability Disclosure Standards)Increasingly expected alongside financial statements as adoption spreads across jurisdictions.
Buyer-specific questionnairesInternational buyers assessing suppliers against their own supply-chain standards.

We help identify the right framework before building a report around the wrong one — reworking a report to a different framework later costs considerably more than getting this decision right first.

Where assurance and preparation stay separate

Preparing a sustainability report and then providing assurance over that same report creates a self-review threat, the same as it would for financial statements — we do not do both for the same client on the same report.

Where we are your statutory auditor, ESG advisory work is scoped so it does not create an independence issue under the ICAP Code of Ethics. We will tell you where that boundary falls before we quote.

Our independence framework →

IVHow we work on ESG engagements

Six things that make ESG numbers defensible

01

Treated with the same rigour as financial reporting

An ESG number gets the same question a financial number gets: where did this come from, and can it be traced back to a source.

02

Framework matched to the actual audience

We start from who is asking and why, not from whichever framework is best known, and build the report around that.

03

Assurance-ready from the first draft

Reports are structured so that if assurance is sought later — this year or in three years — the underlying data already supports it.

04

Materiality decided, not assumed

What gets reported is based on an actual materiality assessment, not a template list of ESG topics copied from a competitor's report.

05

Data traced to source

Every reported metric can be traced back to where it came from — the same standard applied to a line item in a financial statement.

06

Proportionate to the business

A small exporter facing a buyer questionnaire needs a different scope of work from a listed company preparing for mandatory disclosure — we scope to what's actually being asked for.

These are the firm's controls applied to ESG work specifically. The full set, applied to every engagement of any type, is published.

The seven controls on every engagement →

VHow it's delivered

Three ways this gets engaged

Which of these is needed depends on where the business currently stands — we help work that out before proposing a scope.

Route 01

Readiness and gap assessment

A first look before committing to a reporting framework or timeline.

Typically used for
Establishing what data exists, what's missing, and what's realistic to produce first
What you get
A clear picture of the current position and a realistic roadmap
Watch for
This step is often skipped in favour of jumping straight to a report — skipping it usually costs more later
Route 02

Report preparation

Building the sustainability report and underlying disclosures for a defined reporting period.

Typically used for
Producing a report mapped to the framework that matters to the actual audience reading it
What you get
A structured report with data traceable back to source
Watch for
Report preparation and assurance over the same report can't both sit with us — the two need to stay separate
Route 03

Assurance engagement

Independent assurance over a report prepared internally or by another adviser.

Typically used for
Giving external readers — lenders, investors, regulators — a reason to trust the numbers
What you get
An assurance opinion or conclusion aligned to a recognised standard
Watch for
Assurance readiness should be checked before the reporting period closes, not after the report is already drafted

A first ESG engagement is usually a readiness assessment — it tells us, and you, what the other two routes should actually involve.

How we scope and price →

VICommon questions

Questions we are asked

Do we need ESG assurance, or just a report?

It depends on who's asking. Investors, lenders and regulated markets increasingly expect independent assurance; a buyer's supply-chain questionnaire typically does not, yet. We'll tell you what your specific audience actually requires rather than default to the more expensive option.

Which framework should we use — GRI, SASB or IFRS S1/S2?

It depends on who is reading the report. GRI suits general stakeholder reporting, SASB is investor-focused on financial materiality, and IFRS S1/S2 is increasingly expected alongside financial statements. We help identify the right one before work starts, not after a report is drafted to the wrong one.

Can you prepare our report and then provide assurance over it?

No. Preparing a report and then providing assurance over the same report creates a self-review threat, the same as it would for financial statements. We do one or the other for a given report, not both.

How do you measure Scope 3 emissions when we don't control our supply chain?

Through accepted estimation methodologies built on the best available data, disclosed transparently as estimates rather than presented as precise measurements. This is standard practice — very few organisations have direct visibility over their full supply chain.

Is ESG reporting mandatory for us?

It depends on your listing status, sector and the jurisdictions you operate in or sell into — requirements are moving quickly and unevenly across markets. We tell you what actually applies to your specific position rather than assume either way.

How long does a first ESG report take to prepare?

It depends heavily on data availability — a business that already tracks the underlying information moves considerably faster than one starting from nothing. A readiness assessment gives a realistic timeline before a reporting deadline is committed to.

How is ESG work priced?

Readiness assessments and report preparation are scoped and fixed-fee once the framework and data position are known. Assurance engagements are priced per standard assurance-engagement practice once the scope is agreed.

Related

Where ESG work connects

Let's work together

Tell us who's asking, and what they want to see.

A lender, an investor, a buyer, or your own board. A partner will tell you what's realistic to produce and on what timeline.

24:I[27201,["/mac-assets/site/chunks/0vt12du-ghy99.js"],"IconMark"] 21:T8718, :root{ /* Brand — MAC navy / gold scheme */ --blue: #14539A; /* brand blue — structure */ --blue-deep: #0A2540; /* dark sections */ --blue-darker: #061829; /* footer */ --blue-card: #12304F; /* cards on dark */ --blue-mid: #1B4E86; --green: #4A9E5C; /* sparing accent */ --gold: #C9A227; /* action only */ --n-0:#FFFFFF; --n-25:#FAFBFC; --n-50:#F4F7FA; --n-100:#E8EDF3; --n-200:#D3DBE5; --n-400:#8B9AAC; --n-600:#5A6B7F; --n-800:#2B3A4A; --ink:#152233; --ink-soft:#4A5A6E; --ink-invert:#FFFFFF; --ink-invert-soft:#B9C6D6; --display: var(--font-newsreader), Georgia, serif; --body: var(--font-ibm-plex-sans), -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif; --s1:8px; --s2:16px; --s3:24px; --s4:32px; --s5:48px; --s6:64px; --s7:80px; --s8:120px; --maxw:1240px; --r:6px; --dur:.35s; --ease:cubic-bezier(.16,.68,.3,1); } *,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box} html{scroll-behavior:smooth} body{margin:0;font-family:var(--body);color:var(--ink);background:var(--n-0); font-size:17px;line-height:1.65;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased} a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none} .wrap{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--s4)} section{padding:var(--s8) 0} @media(max-width:900px){section{padding:var(--s7) 0}.wrap{padding:0 var(--s3)}} .eyebrow{font-size:12px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase; color:var(--gold);margin:0 0 var(--s2);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px} .eyebrow::before{content:"";width:28px;height:1px;background:var(--gold);flex:none} h1,h2,h3{margin:0;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.015em} h1{font-size:clamp(34px,4.6vw,54px);line-height:1.1} h2{font-size:clamp(28px,3.2vw,40px);line-height:1.16;margin-bottom:var(--s2)} h3{font-family:var(--body);font-weight:600;font-size:19px;line-height:1.35} .lede{font-size:clamp(17px,1.5vw,20px);color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:64ch;margin:0 0 var(--s5)} .dark h1,.dark h2,.dark h3{color:#fff} .dark .lede{color:var(--ink-invert-soft)} p{margin:0 0 var(--s2)} .dark{background:var(--blue-deep);color:#fff} .tint{background:var(--n-25)} .btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-size:15px;font-weight:600; padding:15px 28px;border-radius:var(--r);border:1.5px solid transparent;text-decoration:none; cursor:pointer;transition:all var(--dur) var(--ease);font-family:var(--body)} .btn-primary{background:var(--gold);color:#1B1400;border-color:var(--gold)} .btn-primary:hover{background:#B18E1B;transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 10px 24px rgba(201,162,39,.28)} .btn-ghost{background:transparent;color:#fff;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.42)} .btn-ghost:hover{border-color:#fff;background:rgba(255,255,255,.08);transform:translateY(-2px)} .btn-outline{background:transparent;color:var(--blue);border-color:var(--n-200)} .btn-outline:hover{border-color:var(--blue);background:var(--n-50);transform:translateY(-2px)} .link-arrow{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-weight:600;font-size:15px; color:var(--blue);text-decoration:none;transition:gap var(--dur) var(--ease),color var(--dur)} .link-arrow:hover{gap:14px;color:var(--gold)} .dark .link-arrow{color:var(--gold)} :focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--gold);outline-offset:3px} /* Header */ header{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:100;background:rgba(10,37,64,.94); backdrop-filter:blur(12px);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.09)} .nav{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;height:76px} .logo{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;text-decoration:none;color:#fff} .logo-txt{font-family:var(--display);font-size:17px;line-height:1.1} .logo-txt span{display:block;font-family:var(--body);font-size:9.5px;font-weight:500; letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-invert-soft);margin-top:3px} .nav-links{display:flex;gap:var(--s4);list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0} .nav-links a{color:var(--ink-invert-soft);text-decoration:none;font-size:14.5px;font-weight:500; padding:6px 0;position:relative;transition:color var(--dur)} .nav-links a::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:0;height:2px; background:var(--gold);transition:width var(--dur) var(--ease)} .nav-links a:hover,.nav-links a.active{color:#fff} .nav-links a.active::after,.nav-links a:hover::after{width:100%} .nav .btn{padding:11px 20px;font-size:14px} .burger{display:none;background:none;border:0;color:#fff;font-size:24px;cursor:pointer} @media(max-width:1080px){.nav-links{display:none}.burger{display:block}.nav .btn{display:none}} /* Breadcrumb */ .crumb{background:var(--blue-darker);padding:13px 0;font-size:13px;color:var(--n-400)} .crumb a{text-decoration:none} .crumb a:hover{color:var(--gold)} .crumb span{color:#fff} /* Hero — 55vh, deliberately shorter than homepage */ .hero{background:var(--blue-deep);color:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;padding:0} .hero-bg{position:absolute;inset:0; background:radial-gradient(900px 480px at 82% 8%,rgba(20,83,154,.5),transparent 62%), linear-gradient(100deg,var(--blue-deep) 0%,var(--blue-deep) 46%,rgba(10,37,64,.7) 72%,rgba(10,37,64,.45) 100%), repeating-linear-gradient(72deg,rgba(255,255,255,.028) 0 2px,transparent 2px 74px)} .hero-inner{position:relative;padding:var(--s7) 0 var(--s6);max-width:820px} .hero-rule{width:64px;height:2px;background:var(--gold);margin:var(--s3) 0} .hero p.sub{font-size:clamp(17px,1.6vw,20px);line-height:1.55;color:#E4EBF3;font-weight:300; max-width:60ch;margin-bottom:var(--s3)} .hero p.body{color:var(--ink-invert-soft);max-width:62ch;margin-bottom:var(--s4);font-size:16px} .hero-btns{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s2)} .factstrip{position:relative;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);background:rgba(0,0,0,.22);padding:var(--s3) 0} .factstrip ul{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s2) var(--s5);list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0; justify-content:space-between} .factstrip li{font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.11em;text-transform:uppercase; color:#D8E2ED;white-space:nowrap} @media(max-width:820px){.factstrip ul{justify-content:flex-start;gap:12px var(--s3)} .factstrip li{font-size:11px}} /* At a glance */ .glance{max-width:880px} .glance table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse} .glance th{text-align:left;font-family:var(--body);font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600; letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--n-600); padding:16px 24px 16px 0;vertical-align:top;width:210px;font-weight:600} .glance td{padding:16px 0;font-size:16.5px;color:var(--ink);vertical-align:top} .glance tr{border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-100)} .glance tr:hover{background:var(--n-25)} .glance tr:last-child{border-bottom:0} @media(max-width:620px){.glance th{display:block;width:auto;padding:16px 0 4px} .glance td{display:block;padding:0 0 16px}} /* Story */ .story{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.35fr .85fr;gap:var(--s7);align-items:start} @media(max-width:960px){.story{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:var(--s5)}} .story p{max-width:65ch} .quote{border-left:3px solid var(--gold);padding:var(--s2) 0 var(--s2) var(--s4);position:sticky;top:110px} @media(max-width:960px){.quote{position:static}} .quote blockquote{margin:0;font-family:var(--display);font-style:italic;font-weight:400; font-size:24px;line-height:1.45;color:var(--ink)} .quote cite{display:block;margin-top:var(--s3);font-family:var(--body);font-style:normal; font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft)} .quote cite b{display:block;color:var(--ink);font-size:15px;font-weight:600} /* Vision / Mission / Belief */ .vmb{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:var(--s3)} @media(max-width:900px){.vmb{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .vmb-card{border:1px solid var(--n-100);border-radius:var(--r);overflow:hidden;background:#fff} .vmb-head{padding:var(--s3) var(--s4);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;color:#fff} .vmb-head h3{color:#fff;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:22px} .vmb-head svg{width:22px;height:22px;stroke:#fff;fill:none;stroke-width:1.8;flex:none} .v-blue{background:var(--blue)} .v-green{background:var(--green)} .v-gold{background:#B18E1B} .vmb-body{padding:var(--s4)} .vmb-body p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16px;margin:0} .vmb-body .belief{font-family:var(--display);font-size:23px;color:var(--ink); line-height:1.35;margin-bottom:14px} /* Core values */ .values{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr);gap:var(--s3)} @media(max-width:1050px){.values{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}} @media(max-width:620px){.values{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .value{border-left:2px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);padding:0 0 0 var(--s3); transition:border-color var(--dur),padding-left var(--dur) var(--ease)} .value:hover{border-left-color:var(--gold);padding-left:calc(var(--s3) + 5px)} .value svg{width:26px;height:26px;stroke:var(--gold);fill:none;stroke-width:1.6;margin-bottom:14px} .value h3{color:#fff;font-size:17px;margin-bottom:8px} .value p{color:#C3D2E2;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.6;margin:0} /* Structure */ .tiers{max-width:900px} .tier{border-radius:var(--r);padding:var(--s4) var(--s5);margin-bottom:12px;position:relative; transition:transform var(--dur) var(--ease)} .tier:hover{transform:translateX(6px)} .t1{background:var(--blue-deep);color:#fff} .t2{background:var(--blue);color:#fff} .t3{background:var(--n-50);border:1px solid var(--n-100)} .tier h3{font-size:17px;margin-bottom:8px} .t1 h3,.t2 h3{color:#fff} .tier p{margin:0;font-size:15.5px} .t1 p,.t2 p{color:rgba(255,255,255,.82)} .t3 p{color:var(--ink-soft)} .tier-label{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase; margin-bottom:10px;display:block} .t1 .tier-label{color:var(--gold)} .t2 .tier-label{color:#CFE3F7} .t3 .tier-label{color:var(--n-600)} .disc{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:14px} .disc span{font-size:12.5px;padding:6px 12px;border-radius:3px;background:#fff; border:1px solid var(--n-200);color:var(--ink-soft)} .closing-line{margin-top:var(--s4);font-size:17px;color:var(--ink);max-width:62ch; padding-left:var(--s3);border-left:2px solid var(--gold)} /* Reach */ .reach-map{margin:var(--s5) 0 var(--s6)} .reach-map svg{width:100%;height:190px;overflow:visible} .arc{fill:none;stroke:var(--gold);stroke-width:1.6;stroke-dasharray:1200;stroke-dashoffset:1200; stroke-linecap:round;opacity:.85} .node{fill:var(--n-25);stroke:var(--blue);stroke-width:2} .node-home{fill:var(--gold);stroke:var(--gold)} .mlabel{font-family:var(--body);font-size:11px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.11em; text-transform:uppercase;fill:var(--ink)} .msub{font-family:var(--body);font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.08em;fill:var(--n-400)} .reach{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:var(--s3)} @media(max-width:900px){.reach{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .rcard{border:1px solid var(--n-100);border-top:3px solid var(--blue);border-radius:var(--r); padding:var(--s4);background:#fff;transition:all var(--dur) var(--ease)} .rcard:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);box-shadow:0 14px 30px rgba(10,37,64,.09)} .rcard.mid{border-top-color:var(--green)} .rcard.last{border-top-color:var(--gold)} .rcard h3{margin-bottom:10px} .rcard p{font-size:15px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0} /* Credentials */ .creds{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:var(--s3)} @media(max-width:900px){.creds{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}} @media(max-width:560px){.creds{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .cred{border:1px solid var(--n-100);border-radius:var(--r);padding:var(--s4);text-align:center; transition:all var(--dur) var(--ease)} .cred:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);box-shadow:0 14px 30px rgba(10,37,64,.09)} .cred .seal{width:52px;height:52px;border-radius:50%;border:2px solid var(--green); display:grid;place-items:center;margin:0 auto var(--s3);font-size:10.5px;font-weight:700; color:var(--green)} .cred h3{font-size:16px;margin-bottom:8px} .cred p{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0} /* Team */ .team{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:var(--s3)} @media(max-width:1000px){.team{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}} @media(max-width:560px){.team{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .avatar{width:100%;aspect-ratio:4/5;border-radius:var(--r);display:grid;place-items:center; font-family:var(--display);font-size:40px;color:#fff;margin-bottom:var(--s2); position:relative;overflow:hidden;transition:transform var(--dur) var(--ease)} .person:hover .avatar{transform:translateY(-5px)} .avatar::after{content:"HEADSHOT";position:absolute;bottom:10px;left:0;right:0;text-align:center; font-family:var(--body);font-size:8.5px;letter-spacing:.2em;color:rgba(255,255,255,.45)} .a1{background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--blue),#0D3C73)} .a2{background:linear-gradient(150deg,var(--green),#337346)} .a3{background:linear-gradient(150deg,#1B4E86,var(--blue-deep))} .a4{background:linear-gradient(150deg,#A88420,var(--gold))} .person h3{font-size:17px;margin-bottom:2px} .person .role{font-size:13px;color:var(--gold);font-weight:600;margin-bottom:8px} .person p{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0;line-height:1.55} /* Closing */ .close-cta{text-align:center;max-width:620px;margin:0 auto} .close-cta .btns{display:flex;gap:var(--s2);justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:var(--s4)} /* Footer */ footer{background:var(--blue-darker);color:var(--ink-invert-soft);padding:var(--s7) 0 var(--s4)} .fgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:var(--s5) var(--s4)} @media(max-width:1000px){.fgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}} @media(max-width:600px){.fgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .fgrid h4{font-size:11.5px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase; color:#fff;margin:0 0 var(--s3)} .fgrid ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;font-size:14px;line-height:2} .fgrid a{text-decoration:none;transition:color var(--dur)} .fgrid a:hover{color:var(--gold)} .fbrand p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.65;margin:var(--s3) 0} .fcreds{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s2) var(--s3);border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1); border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);margin:var(--s6) 0 var(--s3);padding:var(--s3) 0; font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#D8E2ED} .fbot{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;gap:var(--s2);font-size:13px} .fbot ul{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s3);list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0} /* Notes + reveal */ .note{background:#FFF9E8;border:1px solid #E8D9A0;border-left:3px solid var(--gold); border-radius:4px;padding:14px 18px;font-size:13.5px;color:#6B5410;margin:var(--s4) 0;line-height:1.6} .protobar{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;font-size:13px;padding:11px 20px;text-align:center} .protobar b{color:var(--gold)} .rv{opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px);transition:opacity .7s var(--ease),transform .7s var(--ease)} .rv.in{opacity:1;transform:none} @media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{animation:none!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important} .rv{opacity:1;transform:none}.arc{stroke-dashoffset:0!important}} /* ===== MAC logo lockup — the only addition to the original scheme ===== */ .logo-mark{ width:46px;height:46px;flex:none;object-fit:contain; border:0!important;border-radius:0!important;background:none!important; padding:0;display:block; } .logo{gap:14px} @media(max-width:520px){.logo-mark{width:38px;height:38px}} .vmpointer{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:var(--s5);align-items:center; border:1px solid var(--n-100);border-left:3px solid var(--gold);border-radius:var(--r); padding:var(--s5);background:var(--n-25)} @media(max-width:820px){.vmpointer{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .vmpointer h2{margin-bottom:var(--s2)} .xrefline a{color:var(--blue);font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex;gap:7px; align-items:center;transition:gap var(--dur) var(--ease),color var(--dur)} .xrefline a:hover{gap:12px;color:var(--gold)} /* ============ VMV v3 — editorial, formal icon system, semantic headings ============ */ .ghost{position:absolute;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;line-height:1; font-size:clamp(180px,26vw,340px);color:var(--ink);opacity:.028;pointer-events:none; right:-.06em;top:-.16em;letter-spacing:-.04em;user-select:none} .dark .ghost{color:#fff;opacity:.045} .hasghost{position:relative;overflow:hidden} /* progress rail */ .rail{position:fixed;left:26px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:60; display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:16px} @media(max-width:1400px){.rail{display:none}} .rail a{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;text-decoration:none;font-size:10px; font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--n-400); transition:color var(--dur)} .rail i{width:16px;height:1px;background:var(--n-200);font-style:normal;display:block; transition:width var(--dur) var(--ease),background var(--dur)} .rail a:hover,.rail a.on{color:var(--ink)} .rail a:hover i,.rail a.on i{width:34px;background:var(--gold)} /* index strip */ .index{border-top:1px solid var(--n-200);border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-200); padding:var(--s3) 0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s2) var(--s6)} .index a{text-decoration:none;font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.18em; text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--n-600);display:inline-flex;gap:10px;align-items:baseline; transition:color var(--dur)} .index a em{font-family:var(--display);font-style:normal;font-size:14px;color:var(--gold)} .index a:hover{color:var(--ink)} /* statement blocks */ .stmt{position:relative;z-index:1} .stmt-mark{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:var(--s3);margin-bottom:var(--s2)} .stmt-num{font-family:var(--display);font-size:15px;letter-spacing:.2em;color:var(--gold)} .stmt-kicker{font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase; color:var(--n-600)} .dark .stmt-kicker{color:#93A6BC} .stmt h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:clamp(30px,3.2vw,42px); letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:0 0 var(--s4);padding-bottom:var(--s4); border-bottom:2px solid var(--ink)} .dark .stmt h2{border-bottom-color:rgba(255,255,255,.28)} .stmt-lede{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(22px,2.5vw,31px); line-height:1.34;letter-spacing:-.012em;color:var(--ink);max-width:26ch;margin:0 0 var(--s5); padding-left:var(--s4);border-left:2px solid var(--gold)} .stmt-body{columns:2;column-gap:var(--s7);max-width:980px} @media(max-width:860px){.stmt-body{columns:1}} .stmt-body p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16.5px;margin:0 0 var(--s2);break-inside:avoid} .stmt-foot{margin-top:var(--s4);padding-top:var(--s3);border-top:1px solid var(--n-100);font-size:14.5px} .stmt-foot a{color:var(--blue);font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex;gap:7px; align-items:center;transition:gap var(--dur) var(--ease),color var(--dur)} .stmt-foot a:hover{gap:12px;color:var(--gold)} /* service scope band — the formal icon system */ .scope{margin:var(--s6) 0 0;border-top:1px solid var(--n-200);padding-top:var(--s4)} .scope-label{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase; color:var(--n-600);margin-bottom:var(--s4)} .scopegrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(8,1fr);gap:var(--s2)} @media(max-width:1100px){.scopegrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:var(--s3) var(--s2)}} @media(max-width:640px){.scopegrid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}} .scopeitem{text-align:left;padding-top:var(--s2);border-top:1px solid var(--n-100); transition:border-color var(--dur)} .scopeitem:hover{border-top-color:var(--gold)} .scopeitem svg{width:26px;height:26px;stroke:var(--blue);fill:none;stroke-width:1.25; stroke-linecap:square;stroke-linejoin:miter;margin-bottom:12px;transition:stroke var(--dur)} .scopeitem:hover svg{stroke:var(--gold)} .scopeitem span{display:block;font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.11em; text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.4} .scopeitem em{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--n-600); margin-top:4px;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;font-weight:400} /* belief */ .belief{max-width:920px;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;position:relative;z-index:1} .belief-kicker{font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase; color:#93A6BC;margin-bottom:var(--s4)} .belief h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(34px,5.6vw,66px); line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:#fff;margin:0 0 var(--s4);border:0;padding:0} .beliefrule{width:0;height:1px;background:var(--gold);margin:0 auto var(--s5); transition:width 1s var(--ease)} .belief.in .beliefrule{width:200px} .belief-body{columns:2;column-gap:var(--s7);text-align:left;max-width:880px;margin:0 auto} @media(max-width:820px){.belief-body{columns:1}} .belief-body p{color:var(--ink-invert-soft);margin:0 0 var(--s2);font-size:16px;break-inside:avoid} /* values */ .vhead{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 340px;gap:var(--s5);align-items:end; padding-bottom:var(--s4);border-bottom:2px solid var(--ink);margin-bottom:var(--s2)} @media(max-width:900px){.vhead{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .vhead h2{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:clamp(28px,3vw,40px); margin:0;border:0;padding:0} .vrow{display:grid;grid-template-columns:96px 1fr 320px;gap:var(--s5); padding:var(--s5) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-100);align-items:start; transition:background var(--dur)} .vrow:hover{background:var(--n-25)} @media(max-width:1000px){.vrow{grid-template-columns:70px 1fr;gap:var(--s3) var(--s4)} .vrow .cost{grid-column:2}} @media(max-width:600px){.vrow{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:var(--s2)}.vrow .cost{grid-column:1}} .vnum{font-family:var(--display);font-size:38px;color:var(--n-200);line-height:1; letter-spacing:-.03em;transition:color var(--dur)} .vrow:hover .vnum{color:var(--gold)} .vrow h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:27px;letter-spacing:-.015em; margin:0 0 12px;color:var(--ink)} .vtext{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16.5px;margin:0;max-width:56ch} .cost{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);padding-top:14px} .cost b{display:block;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase; color:var(--gold);margin-bottom:8px} .cost p{font-size:15px;color:var(--ink);margin:0;line-height:1.6} /* check grid */ .xgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:0;border-top:1px solid var(--n-200)} @media(max-width:820px){.xgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .xcard{padding:var(--s5) var(--s5) var(--s5) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-100); text-decoration:none;display:block;transition:background var(--dur)} .xcard:nth-child(odd){border-right:1px solid var(--n-100);padding-right:var(--s6)} @media(max-width:820px){.xcard:nth-child(odd){border-right:0;padding-right:0}.xcard{padding-left:0}} .xcard:hover{background:var(--n-25)} .xcard .xnum{font-family:var(--display);font-size:13px;color:var(--gold);letter-spacing:.18em; display:block;margin-bottom:12px} .xcard h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:21px;margin-bottom:10px;color:var(--ink)} .xcard p{font-size:15px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0 0 14px;max-width:48ch} .xcard .go{font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase; color:var(--blue);display:inline-flex;gap:8px;align-items:center; transition:gap var(--dur) var(--ease),color var(--dur)} .xcard:hover .go{gap:14px;color:var(--gold)} /* ---- Service page template ---- */ .urgent{background:#0A2540;border-left:3px solid var(--gold);border-radius:var(--r); padding:var(--s5);display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:var(--s5);align-items:center} @media(max-width:820px){.urgent{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .urgent h2{color:#fff;font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:clamp(22px,2.4vw,30px); margin:0 0 10px;border:0;padding:0} .urgent p{color:var(--ink-invert-soft);margin:0;font-size:16px;max-width:60ch} .situations{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:1px;background:var(--n-100); border:1px solid var(--n-100)} @media(max-width:820px){.situations{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .sit{background:var(--n-0);padding:var(--s4);transition:background var(--dur)} .sit:hover{background:var(--n-25)} .sit q{font-style:normal;font-family:var(--display);font-size:19px;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.35; display:block;margin-bottom:8px;quotes:'"' '"'} .sit p{font-size:14.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0} .subsvc{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:0;border-top:2px solid var(--ink)} @media(max-width:900px){.subsvc{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .sub{padding:var(--s5) var(--s5) var(--s5) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-100)} .sub:nth-child(odd){border-right:1px solid var(--n-100);padding-right:var(--s6)} @media(max-width:900px){.sub:nth-child(odd){border-right:0;padding-right:0}.sub{padding-left:0}} .sub .sn{font-family:var(--display);font-size:13px;color:var(--gold);letter-spacing:.18em; display:block;margin-bottom:12px} .sub h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:22px;margin:0 0 10px} .sub p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:15.5px;margin:0 0 var(--s2);max-width:52ch} .sub ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;font-size:14.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.8} .sub li{padding-left:16px;position:relative} .sub li::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:13px;width:7px;height:1px;background:var(--gold)} .approach{display:grid;grid-template-columns:76px 1fr;gap:var(--s4);padding:var(--s4) 0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-100);align-items:start} @media(max-width:600px){.approach{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:var(--s2)}} .approach .an{font-family:var(--display);font-size:28px;color:var(--n-200);line-height:1} .approach h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:21px;margin:0 0 8px} .approach p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16px;margin:0;max-width:62ch} .authorities{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr);gap:1px;background:var(--n-100); border:1px solid var(--n-100)} @media(max-width:900px){.authorities{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}} @media(max-width:520px){.authorities{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .auth{background:var(--n-0);padding:var(--s4) var(--s3);transition:background var(--dur)} .auth:hover{background:var(--n-25)} .auth strong{display:block;font-family:var(--display);font-size:21px;color:var(--ink); margin-bottom:6px;font-weight:500} .auth span{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.5;display:block} .notices{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px} .notices th{text-align:left;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase; color:#93A6BC;padding:0 20px 14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25)} .notices td{padding:16px 20px 16px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);vertical-align:top; color:#C3D2E2} .notices td:first-child{color:#fff;font-weight:600;width:220px} .notices tr:hover td{background:rgba(255,255,255,.035)} @media(max-width:820px){.notices th{display:none}.notices td{display:block;padding:5px 0;border:0} .notices td:first-child{padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1)}} .faq{max-width:900px;border-top:2px solid var(--ink)} .faq details{border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-100)} .faq summary{cursor:pointer;list-style:none;padding:var(--s4) var(--s5) var(--s4) 0; font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:20px;color:var(--ink);position:relative} .faq summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} .faq summary:hover{color:var(--blue)} .faq summary::after{content:"";position:absolute;right:10px;top:50%;width:10px;height:10px; border-right:1.5px solid var(--n-400);border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--n-400); transform:translateY(-70%) rotate(45deg);transition:transform var(--dur) var(--ease)} .faq details[open] summary::after{transform:translateY(-30%) rotate(-135deg);border-color:var(--gold)} .faq details p{margin:0 0 var(--s4);color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16.5px;max-width:72ch} .related{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:0;border-top:1px solid var(--n-200)} @media(max-width:860px){.related{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .rel{padding:var(--s4) var(--s4) var(--s4) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-100); text-decoration:none;display:block;transition:background var(--dur)} .rel:not(:last-child){border-right:1px solid var(--n-100)} @media(max-width:860px){.rel{border-right:0!important;padding-left:0}} .rel:hover{background:var(--n-25)} .rel span{font-size:10.5px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase; color:var(--gold);display:block;margin-bottom:10px} .rel h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:19px;margin:0 0 8px;color:var(--ink)} .rel p{font-size:14.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0} .closing{margin-top:var(--s5);padding-left:var(--s4);border-left:2px solid var(--gold); font-size:18px;color:var(--ink);max-width:66ch} .tok{background:#FFF4D6;border:1px dashed #D6B84A;color:#7A5E12;font-size:12px;padding:2px 8px; border-radius:2px;font-weight:600} /* Corporate page additions */ .filings{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px} .filings th{text-align:left;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase; color:#93A6BC;padding:0 22px 14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25)} .filings td{padding:17px 22px 17px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);vertical-align:top; color:#C3D2E2} .filings td:first-child{color:#fff;font-weight:600;width:250px} .filings tr:hover td{background:rgba(255,255,255,.035)} .filings .formref{display:block;font-weight:400;font-size:11.5px;color:#93A6BC;margin-top:3px} .credit{padding:var(--s5);border:1px solid var(--n-200);border-left:3px solid var(--gold); border-radius:var(--r);background:var(--n-0)} .credit h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:23px;margin:0 0 var(--s2);color:var(--ink)} .credit p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16px;margin:0 0 var(--s2);max-width:70ch} @media(max-width:820px){.filings th{display:none}.filings td{display:block;padding:5px 0;border:0} .filings td:first-child{padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1)}} .vehicles{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:0;border-top:2px solid var(--ink)} @media(max-width:900px){.vehicles{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .veh{padding:var(--s5) var(--s5) var(--s5) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--n-100); transition:background var(--dur)} .veh:not(:last-child){border-right:1px solid var(--n-100)} @media(max-width:900px){.veh{border-right:0!important;padding-left:0}} .veh:hover{background:var(--n-25)} .veh .vn{font-family:var(--display);font-size:13px;color:var(--gold);letter-spacing:.18em; display:block;margin-bottom:12px} .veh h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:500;font-size:22px;margin:0 0 10px} .veh > p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:15.5px;margin:0 0 var(--s3);max-width:44ch} .veh dl{margin:0;border-top:1px solid var(--n-100);padding-top:var(--s2)} .veh dt{font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase; color:var(--n-600);margin-bottom:4px} .veh dd{margin:0 0 12px;font-size:14.5px;color:var(--ink)} .veh dd:last-child{margin-bottom:0} .nav-item{position:relative} .nav-item>a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:5px} .nav-caret{width:9px;height:6px;fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.6; stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;opacity:.6;transition:transform var(--dur) var(--ease)} .nav-item:hover .nav-caret,.nav-item:focus-within .nav-caret{transform:rotate(180deg)} .mega{ position:absolute;top:100%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,6px);width:280px; background:var(--n-0);border-radius:var(--r);box-shadow:0 22px 50px rgba(6,20,35,.28); border-top:3px solid var(--gold);padding:14px; opacity:0;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none; transition:opacity .2s var(--ease),transform .2s var(--ease),visibility .2s; z-index:150 } .mega-wide{width:560px} .nav-item:hover .mega,.nav-item:focus-within .mega{ opacity:1;visibility:visible;pointer-events:auto;transform:translate(-50%,0) } .mega-col{display:flex;flex-direction:column} .mega-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:2px 10px} .mega a{ display:block;padding:9px 10px;border-radius:5px;font-size:14px;font-weight:500; 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